Risk factors associated with mortality in adults who have suffered blunt abdominal trauma and who have been treated surgically.

Abstract

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is the contusion that causes lacerations or rupture of one or more organs of the abdominal cavity. It represents up to 80% of abdominal injuries in emergency departments. 

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with mortality in adults with closed abdominal trauma after surgery at Hospitalo General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos between January 2017 and January 2018. 

Methods: The study design is retrospective, observational, descriptive and transversal. The population corresponds to patients who have been diagnosed with BAT and have undergone surgery at the General Hospital del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos between January 2018 and January 2019. 

Results: A total of 106 patients were included. The degree of hemorrhagic shock and the number of affected organs have a direct proportional correlation (p <0.001). The increase in 1 mg / dL of creatinine leads to an increase in the probability of death of 20.19 (OR = 20.19; 95% CI 2.33 - 174.97). Urea alone does not generate an increase in the risk of mortality (OR = 1.87; 95% CI 0.94-4.20). Hemorrhagic shock (S: 83.3%; E: 89.2%; Youden index: 0.725) and organ involvement (S: 58.3%; E: 91.4%; Youden index: 0.493) are predictors of mortality. 

Conclusions: The increase in creatinine increases the risk of mortalityin BAT. The presence of hemorrhagic shock and organ involvement are predictors of mortality in BAT.