Factors that result in the loss or delay of vaccine application in the wide vaccination program in children from 0 to 11 months 29 days in primary care centers of Guayaquil.

Abstract

Abstract

 Background: Vaccines are a fundamental part of the optimal development of the human being, given the high efficacy that they have had over the years in achieving the reduction of deaths from infectious diseases. Compliance with its regular scheme has been affected by determinants which are considered one of the factors for low coverage at the national level. 

Objective: Identify the different factors that influence the loss or delay of vaccines in children who are part of the expanded immunization program in Ecuador, within the range of 0 days to 11 months 29 days. 

Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive study through the application of interviews, surveys, bibliographic reviews with the use of different databases such as Pubmed, BVS Library, sCielo, Elsevier among others. 

Results: Eighty surveys were carried out in which it was determined that within the factors of delay or loss of vaccines, 62.50% are due to lack of the biological, followed by little promotion by the health team regarding vaccination and the forgetting the vaccination date of caregivers with 15%, it is also worth noting that the vaccine with the highest percentage (19.42%) of loss or delay in uptake is the pentavalent vaccine whose prevention treats five diseases such as diphtheria , tetanus, whooping cough, haemophilus influenzae type B, and hepatitis B. 

Conclusion: Immunization represents the promotion of health, so the social and economic aspects that influence being able to comply with the respective scheme should be considered important. The contribution of health personnel in patient education is necessary for a correct approach to the national immunization plan.