Acute complications in patients with COVID-19.

Abstract

Background: Covid-19 is associated with several acute complications, which affect the prognosis of patients. 

Objective: Expose the acute complications that occur most frequently in emergency rooms in patients with Covid-19.

Materials and methods: Theoretical review. Information sources: specialized databases: Pubmed, BMC, Wiley Online Library. There were studies published from 2020 to 2021 based on systematic reviews, observational and, retrospective in adults with diagnosis of complications associated with SARS-COV-2 infection. Those that had the established selection criteria were downloaded. The analysis was in a deep way considering the information necessary to answer the research question. The Mendeley v 19.4.1 program was used as bibliography storer.

Results: 44 articles were included. 72.3% (n = 32) were published in 2020; 25% (n = 11) in China, 31.8% (n = 14) in the United States; 40.9% (n = 18) was a review article, and most were identified in the Pubmed (n = 26; 59.1%) and Biomed Central (BMC: n = 12; 27.3%) search engines. There were described current recommendations for treatment of complications such as acute respiratory distress, coronary, hepatic, and renal failure, thromboembolic phenomena, and neurological complications during Covid-19.

Conclusions: Covid-19 is a multisystemic disease, with wide spectrum of acute complications. The treatment of these complications does not differ substantially from the usual protocol, compromises the prognosis, and is related to high treatment costs and increased mortality, which evidences the need for further standardization of these treatment protocols.

Key words: Covid-19, acute complications, treatment, anticoagulation, immunomodulators.